Luke,
My understanding is that you turn the engine until the fuel just stops “spilling”, not until it starts spilling. I think the idea is that you want to time for when all the fuel has been injected, not when it starts to get injected.
You can run the tractor for several minutes without doing harm. You might want to try it out before putting on the radiator.
When you timed to 16 degrees, did you use a protractor or the mark on the front pulley? Does anyone know if that mark on the front pulley is for pre EPA engines without centrifugal advance as well as those with centrifugal advance? I'm wondering if the timing changed with the EPA engine and if so, did they change the pulley marks.
/Jon