Piper184

If you have current draw but no clicking sound, it is most likely either the solenoid or the key switch. Older units had starter switches that would fry internally, especially if the glow plugs were used a lot.  There is a recommended replacement with a Ford part number.

Cleaning and lubing the starter is always a good idea, but not likely to be the cause of your problem as you said it starts well when it finally does catch.

Try bypassing the switch by jumping power from the battery directly to the started solenoid. Don't do this without all the regular safety precautions, gear shift in neutral, someone in the seat, etc.

If you get a good start, it points to the switch, if you still have problems, it points to the solenoid.

A third test requires a jumper cable sized wire to jump from the battery to the positive post of the starter, thus bypassing the solenoid. If it spins fine, that points to the solenoid, if it does not, remove the starter and clean and lube. This is not hard to do by the way, just takes a little time.

Last but probably should be first, advice from an old farmer I once knew. “Check the grounds, check the grounds, check the grounds”

Make sure all the wires and connections are clean and tight, don't just look, take them off and check. You would be surprised how much resistance to a circuit can be added by just a little rust or corrosion. Check every connection from the battery to the switches to the solenoid to the starter, and don't forget to check the grounds.

Good luck and let us know what you find.

Info on ignition switch listed below:

Service Advisory 6:
Ignition Switch Retrofit
Easy no
special tools required. http://www.tractoroutlet.
com/toservice.html
The ignition switch that came with your Jinma 1828
HP tractor is multifunction and can present some
problems after significant use. It can have intermittent faults where the momentary glow plugs and
starter are immediately on when you turn the key to the first position (lights). In other words, all three
posts are hot, #2 for lights, #3 for glow plugs, and #4 for starter solenoid. This will cause your 30 amp
fuse to blow consistently. A replacement switch is available through your local New Holland dealer and
was used on Ford Series 20009000
tractors from about 1965 on. Ask for Ford Part # D 5NN11N501A.
If you would still like to use a direct replacement that requires nothing other than wire for wire
exchange then we normally stock them. Ask for Jinma part number #TY290
© Tractor Outlet
P.O. Box 147
83548 Bowens Lane
Christmas Valley, Oregon 97641
Version

Hmmm, now you have me thinking…

I have a 284 and it uses a threaded hub with bolts to hold the wheel on, no lug nuts. I guessed that your studs would be “equipment style”, that is, threaded into the hub.

I just looked the studs up online and they are indeed “automotive style” that have the head and spline shoulder that press in from the back side.

Since that appears to be the case, the splines strip out when someone uses a impact wrench (instead of a torque wrench) to install the lug nuts. over tightening definitely will strip the splines and cause the stud to spin.

You will need to knock the nut off of the stud to get anywhere. A cutting torch is one choice another is a BIG cold chisel and a BIG hammer swung with a lot of force. I would try the hammer option first in hopes of breaking the stud. The gas axe option has a lot more things that can go wrong.

With 4 of them spinning, the question then becomes “are the holes in the hub wobbled out too much?”

With luck, the splines on the stud stripped and the holes are still small enough to grip a new stud. You won't know until you get it all apart.

Options are to replace the hub (a lot of work I would imagine) or spot weld the head of the new stud to the hub. Not an elegant fix, but could save the price of a new hub.

Another option may be to get an oversized stud. The shoulder area would be slightly larger than original just for these kinds of situations. I don't know if they are available for your size or not. My guess is that they are metric. You may be able to find an English size that is slightly larger than the original, you may have to drill out the stud holes to make a larger stud fit. I know that lug nuts can be had in different taper sizes for the same size stud. Again, this is a “dirty” fix that makes real mechanics cringe, but may be the only option that is viable or even available.

Let us know what you find when you get it apart. I will keep my fingers crossed for an undamaged hub and tight fitting new studs!

My 2006 284 is still running the original battery (Knock on Wood!)

Having said that, I have had some problems recently with the system not charging (light on dash is on).  This is an old problem with this model and it has to do with the connectors at the voltage regulator getting loose and/or corroded.  When this happens I just unplug the regulator and plug it back in. Eventually (when it gets warmer out) I will squeeze the flat female spade connectors to make them have better contact.

Check your parts manual for the location of the regulator if you don't know where it is.  I can take a picture and post it for you if needed.

Regulators do fail, but from what I can tell, it is almost always a connector problem.

Undersized wiring, well, yes, I think most all wiring on all products is undersized, yet I have not had any problems with the wires on my Jinma.

When I assembled mine (tractor in a crate option) I did lots of things extra, like putting the anti-corrosion felt washers on the battery posts and then sealing the cable ends.  I also treated wire ends and terminals with ACF-50 (an aircraft anti-corrosion product). 

Following instructions from other owners, I also removed the ground cable at the frame and made sure there were no painted surfaces (there weren't).  Another tip that I did not do right away, but eventually got around to is remove the started and make sure it is clean and properly lubed inside.  I also checked to make sure there was a good clean bolt (no paint under the head) holding the starter to the engine, that is where the started grounds out. Mine was fine, right from the factory, but they used to be notorious for assembling the starter without any lube. This led to premature wear and other problems.

So, make sure the cables are clean and tight at both ends.

Make sure the battery has and will hold a good charge.  If you don't have a voltmeter and load tester, you can take the battery to just about any automotive store (NAPA, Pep Boys, AutoZone, etc.) and they will test it for you.  Be sure to put it on a charger for a few hours before you test it.

Unplug and re-plug your voltage regulator a couple of times.

Make sure the alternator belt is properly tightened.

If all of those things are fine and it still cranks slow, it is time to take the starter off and have a look inside. (I would do that anyway, just to make sure it is still OK after getting hot).

Let us know how things come out or if you have any more questions.

As a side note, I am constantly amazed at just how good of a little tractor the 284 is.  Mine sits weeks sometimes and it always starts.

My procedure if it has been more than a week is to close the throttle and hold the shut off cable pulled out and the decompression lever in my left hand.  I crank the engine (it spins quite fast with no compression) until I get oil pressure on the gauge and keep it spinning for about 10 seconds more.

Then, depending on temperature, I use the glow plugs, the colder the longer I leave them on.  This also allows the starter to cool off a little.

Crack the throttle until the foot pedal moves forward about 1/4″, and put the cut off cable in the run position. 

I still hold the decompression lever and then hit the starter.  I let the engine spin up one or two revolutions before dropping the compression lever.  It almost always starts unless I have not used enough glow plug. I also use an engine block heater for temps below freezing, just to take the strain off the engine as much as possible.